Related Records

1. Painting - ALLIGATOR HUNT The dugout canoe was the tradition in the Southeast Woodland culture. The Caddo, like other groups, supplemented farming with gathering, fishing, and hunting. Alligators were an abundant game source.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
2. Painting - BUFFALO HUNT The rider appears to be from one of the Plains nations. Most Native people painted their horses, and the meaning of the symbols varied from one group to another. The stripes are coup marks, indicating past successes. Other marks likely seek to promote success in the current hunt.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
3. Painting - CADDO CHIEF GREETING THE SUN-1200 AD The painting depicts the Caddo Mounds site when it was still an active center. The Caddo had an upper class of priests and leaders whose duty it was to preform rituals to keep the forces of nature in balance and maintain an environment of prosperity for the people. Eagle feathers were important instruments in the rituals.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
4. Painting - CHIEF BOWLES ON HORSEBACK In the colonial South, Highland Scots were those most active in trade with the Native American tribes. Many of them, like Chief Bowles's father, married native women like Bowles's mother, who was half British herself. Chief Bowles was described as being very Gaelic in appearance with red hair, light eyes, and freckles.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
5. Painting - CLOVIS CULTURE SCENE FROM 12,000 YEARS AGO At this time, the climate all across North America was much colder than today. People lived in small family bands and made their living by hunting and gathering. Much of their game was from now-extinct animals such as the mammoth, whose tusks are used to frame the doors in this scene.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
6. Painting - FACIAL TATTOOS Facial tattoos were very common among a large range of Native American cultures, including the Caddo. They could mark things like tribal group, accomplishments, and stage in life. They were banned in the early twentieth century but are being revived today, especially among women.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
7. Painting - FIVE HORSES RUNNING Horses became a self-sustaining population in Texas after the Alonso de León expedition brought 700 of them to the area. The Native people quickly adopted them and became master horsemen.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
8. Painting - LOG HOUSE AND MAN WITH DEER ON DONKEY The Cherokee, like several other Southeast Woodland groups, were very open to new ideas. They quickly adopted the British settlers' equipment, clothing, houses, and farming techniques. By 1819 when they came to Texas, they had so adapted that modern archeologists can seldom distinguish between their farms and those of settlers.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
9. Painting - LOG HOUSE A typical Cherokee homestead when they were in East Texas from 1819 to 1839 would have looked like this. They had adopted log cabins, rail fences, European clothes, horses, and chickens before fleeing their homeland in the Southeast.

   McCrocklin, Claude

   Record Type: Object

   
10. Painting - SOLDIERS AND NATIVES WITH AN AMERICAN FLAG During their boundary dispute between 1783 and 1795, Americans and Spanish in the Southeast gave Native leaders symbols like uniform coats and flags. The Natives would bring these out when meeting with soldiers to indicate peaceful intent.

    McCrocklin, Claude

    Record Type: Object

    
11. Painting - SULPHUR FORK FACTORY This was a federal trading post established 1818 on Sulphur Fork just upstream from its junction with the Red River in southwestern Arkansas. This was the land of the Kadohadacho Confederation of the Caddo people, but many tribes expelled from the Southeastern U.S. lived near the area and all traded at the factory. It closed in 1822 when the federal government decided to turn all trade with Native people over to private traders.

    McCrocklin, Claude

    Record Type: Object

    
12. Painting - VILLAGE SCENE A typical Caddo village day from around the time of European contact: women treating hide, pounding corn for cornmeal, and harvesting corn while their children play. The Caddo tanning process made their leather black.

    McCrocklin, Claude

    Record Type: Object

    
13. Painting - WOMAN AND CHILD WITH SHOTGUN, FISHING POLE, AND BASKET This scene from the late nineteenth or early twentieth century represents the way Native people of the Southeast Woodlands culture supplemented their farming sources of food by hunting, fishing, and gathering.

    McCrocklin, Claude

    Record Type: Object